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Ge

Elasticity Data ELA

MP-ID: mp-137 · Space group: P4_32_12 (#96)

Basic Information

Formula
Ge
MP-ID
mp-137
Elements
1
Sites
12
Density
5.7992
g/cm³
Volume
249.60
ų
Cell a
5.9372
Å
Cell b
5.9372
Å
Cell c
7.0807
Å
α Angle
90.00
°
β Angle
90.00
°
γ Angle
90.00
°
Space Group
P4_32_12
Point Group
422
Crystal System
Tetragonal
Bravais Lattice
Tetragonal P
Stability
No
Packing Fraction
0.6800

X-ray Diffraction

Diffraction Pattern
X-axis: 2θ (°); Y-axis: relative intensity; CuKa ; λ=1.5406 Å
Diffraction Peaks (Top 24)
2θd (Å)Ihkl
19.51 4.5495 8.0 (1,0,1)
24.65 3.6112 15.3 (1,1,1)
29.37 3.0408 40.9 (1,0,2)
32.71 2.7377 100.0 (2,0,1)
33.10 2.7065 25.9 (1,1,2)
36.13 2.4862 14.4 (2,1,1)
44.01 2.0574 2.8 (1,1,3)
47.72 1.9060 13.9 (3,0,1)
48.49 1.8775 9.1 (3,1,0)
49.33 1.8475 31.3 (2,0,3)
50.28 1.8148 17.0 (3,1,1)
50.55 1.8056 47.3 (2,2,2)
51.64 1.7702 16.2 (0,0,4)
51.83 1.7640 6.6 (2,1,3)
55.83 1.6467 12.8 (3,2,0)
61.11 1.5165 6.0 (3,0,3)
62.58 1.4843 7.9 (4,0,0)
63.29 1.4693 8.2 (3,1,3)
66.86 1.3994 3.6 (3,3,0)
72.43 1.3049 8.8 (4,2,1)
72.65 1.3014 2.9 (3,3,2)
73.53 1.2880 5.1 (3,1,4)
74.19 1.2782 8.7 (2,0,5)
76.19 1.2495 1.2 (2,1,5)
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Energy Properties

Formation Energy/atom
0.14939
eV/atom
Energy/atom
-13.72259
eV/atom
Energy above Hull
0.1494
eV/atom
Uncorrected Energy
-4.4736
eV/atom
Volume/atom
20.80
ų
c/a Ratio
1.1926

Electronic Properties

Metallic
Non-metal
Band Gap
0.343
eV
Direct Gap
Yes
CBM
N/A
eV

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic
Yes
Total Mag. Moment
0.0000
μB
Mag. Ordering
Unknown
Mag. Sites
0
Magnetization/Volume
0.000000
μB/ų

Elastic Properties

KVRH
53.667
GPa
GVRH
42.715
GPa
Young's Modulus E
101.276
GPa
Poisson Ratio ν
0.185
Pugh Ratio K/G
1.256
Vickers Hardness Est.
10.770
GPa
Ductility
Ductile
Anisotropy
0.337
Lame λ
25.190
GPa

Feature Analysis

Composition Overview

Element Composition (atomic fraction)
Composition Info
Major / Matrix Element
Ge · 1.000
Element Family
PostTransition-Noble
Solute Fraction
0.000
Interstitial Fraction
0.000

Elasticity Features

Elastic Modulus Comparison (GPa)
Elastic Features
Elastic Anisotropy AU
0.3370
Homogeneous Poisson ν
0.1850
Debye Temperature
323.8
K
Sound Velocity
2,991.6
m/s
Homogeneity
0.1850

Related Tasks

Citation & References

Materials Project Page
https://materialsproject.org/materials/mp-137
Reference Citation

The crystal structure and related material properties of Ge were obtained from the Materials Project database (MP-ID: mp-137, database version v2026.04.13).

Literature Citation

Horton, M.K., Huck, P., Yang, R.X. et al. Accelerated data-driven materials science with the Materials Project. Nat. Mater. 24, 1522–1532 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-025-02272-0

BibTeX
@article{Horton2025,
  author  = {Horton, Matthew K. and Huck, Patrick and Yang, Ruo Xi and Munro, Jason M. and Dwaraknath, Shyam and Ganose, Alex M. and Kingsbury, Ryan S. and Wen, Mingjian and Shen, Jimmy X. and Mathis, Tyler S. and Kaplan, Aaron D. and Berket, Karlo and Riebesell, Janosh and George, Janine and Rosen, Andrew S. and Spotte-Smith, Evan W. C. and McDermott, Matthew J. and Cohen, Orion A. and Dunn, Alex and Kuner, Matthew C. and Rignanese, Gian-Marco and Petretto, Guido and Waroquiers, David and Griffin, Sinead M. and Neaton, Jeffrey B. and Chrzan, Daryl C. and Asta, Mark and Hautier, Geoffroy and Cholia, Shreyas and Ceder, Gerbrand and Ong, Shyue Ping and Jain, Anubhav and Persson, Kristin A.},
  title   = {Accelerated data-driven materials science with the Materials Project},
  journal = {Nature Materials},
  year    = {2025},
  volume  = {24},
  number  = {10},
  pages   = {1522--1532},
  month   = {oct},
  doi     = {10.1038/s41563-025-02272-0},
  issn    = {1476-4660},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-025-02272-0},
  abstract = {The Materials Project was launched formally in 2011 to drive materials discovery forwards through high-throughput computation and open data. More than a decade later, the Materials Project has become an indispensable tool used by more than 600,000 materials researchers around the world. This Perspective describes how the Materials Project, as a data platform and a software ecosystem, has helped to shape research in data-driven materials science. We cover how sustainable software and computational methods have accelerated materials design while becoming more open source and collaborative in nature. Next, we present cases where the Materials Project was used to understand and discover functional materials. We then describe our efforts to meet the needs of an expanding user base, through technical infrastructure updates ranging from data architecture and cloud resources to interactive web applications. Finally, we discuss opportunities to better aid the research community, with the vision that more accessible and easy-to-understand materials data will result in democratized materials knowledge and an increasingly collaborative community.}
}

3D Crystal Structure Rendering

Loading 3D structure…

Style: Ball & Stick
Raw CIF Data
# generated using pymatgen
data_Ge
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M   'P 1'
_cell_length_a   5.93720866
_cell_length_b   5.93720866
_cell_length_c   7.08065300
_cell_angle_alpha   90.00000000
_cell_angle_beta   90.00000000
_cell_angle_gamma   90.00000000
_symmetry_Int_Tables_number   1
_chemical_formula_structural   Ge
_chemical_formula_sum   Ge12
_cell_volume   249.59618098
_cell_formula_units_Z   12
loop_
 _symmetry_equiv_pos_site_id
 _symmetry_equiv_pos_as_xyz
  1  'x, y, z'
loop_
 _atom_site_type_symbol
 _atom_site_label
 _atom_site_symmetry_multiplicity
 _atom_site_fract_x
 _atom_site_fract_y
 _atom_site_fract_z
 _atom_site_occupancy
  Ge  Ge0  1  0.08560357  0.08560357  0.00000000  1.0
  Ge  Ge1  1  0.41439643  0.58560357  0.75000000  1.0
  Ge  Ge2  1  0.58560357  0.41439643  0.25000000  1.0
  Ge  Ge3  1  0.91439643  0.91439643  0.50000000  1.0
  Ge  Ge4  1  0.16943910  0.37209594  0.24543624  1.0
  Ge  Ge5  1  0.12790406  0.66943910  0.99543624  1.0
  Ge  Ge6  1  0.87209594  0.33056090  0.49543624  1.0
  Ge  Ge7  1  0.66943910  0.12790406  0.00456376  1.0
  Ge  Ge8  1  0.33056090  0.87209594  0.50456376  1.0
  Ge  Ge9  1  0.83056090  0.62790406  0.74543624  1.0
  Ge  Ge10  1  0.37209594  0.16943910  0.75456376  1.0
  Ge  Ge11  1  0.62790406  0.83056090  0.25456376  1.0
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